by Marty Hall and Larry Brown A Sun Microsystems Press/Prentice Hall PTR Book ISBN 0-13-089793-0

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This page gives the complete table of contents of Core Web Programming in HTML format. For printing purposes, try the PDF version instead. If you arrived at this page other than by a link from the book's home page, you probably want to visit www.corewebprogramming.com.

Introduction XXXIII

Real Code for Real Programmers xxxiv

How This Book Is Organized xxxv

Conventions xxxviii

About the Web Site xxxix

About the Authors xxxix

Acknowledgements XLI

PART 1
The Hypertext Markup Language   2

CHAPTER 1
Designing Web Pages with HTML   4

1.1 The HyperText Markup Language 5

1.2 HTML 4.0 and Other HTML Standards 7

1.3 Steps to Publish a Document on the Web 9

Create the Document 9

Put the Document on the Web 10

Validate the Document 12

1.4 The Basic Structure of HTML Documents 12

HTML Document Template 13

DOCTYPE Declarations 14

1.5 HEAD—High-Level Information About the Page 16

Required HEAD Element 17

Optional HEAD Elements 17

1.6 BODY—Creating the Main Document 22

1.7 Summary 25

CHAPTER 2
Block-Level Elements in HTML 4.0   28

2.1 Headings 30

2.2 Basic Text Elements 32

Basic Paragraphs 32

Paragraphs with White Space Preserved 34

Indented Quotations 35

Addresses 35

2.3 Numbered, Bulleted, and Indented Lists 35

Numbered Lists 36

Bulleted Lists 39

Definition Lists 40

2.4 Tables 41

The Basic Table Structure 42

Defining Table Rows 46

Table Headings and Data Cells 48

Grouping Table Contents 50

2.5 Fill-Out Forms 54

2.6 Miscellaneous Block-Level Elements 54

2.7 Summary 57

CHAPTER 3
Text-Level Elements in HTML 4.0   58

3.1 Physical Character Styles 59

3.2 Logical Character Styles 64

3.3 Specifying Hypertext Links 67

3.4 Embedded Images 70

Animated GIFs 71

The IMG Element 71

3.5 Client-Side Image Maps 75

3.6 Embedding Other Objects in Documents 79

Embedded Applets 80

Embedded Video, Audio, and Other Formats with Plug-ins 82

Embedded ActiveX Controls 83

Embedded Scrolling Text Banners 85

3.7 Controlling Line Breaks 86

3.8 Summary 87

CHAPTER 4
Frames   88

4.1 Frame Document Template 90

4.2 Specifying Frame Layout 91

4.3 Specifying the Content of Frame Cells 96

Examples 98

4.4 Targeting Frame Cells 100

Predefined Frame Names 103

4.5 Solving Common Frame Problems 103

Bookmarking Frames 104

Printing Frames 104

Updating Multiple Frame Cells Simultaneously 105

Preventing Your Documents from Being Framed 108

Creating Empty Frame Cells 109

4.6 Inline Frames 109

4.7 Summary 113

CHAPTER 5
Cascading Style Sheets   114

5.1 Specifying Style Rules 116

5.2 Using External and Local Style Sheets 118

External Style Sheets 119

The STYLE Element and JavaScript Style Sheets 120

Inline Style Specification 121

5.3 Selectors 121

HTML Elements 122

User-Defined Classes 123

User-Defined IDs 124

Anchor Pseudoclasses 124

5.4 Cascading: Style Sheet Precedence Rules 125

5.5 Font Properties 126

5.6 Foreground and Background Properties 132

5.7 Text Properties 135

5.8 Properties of the Bounding Box 139

Margins 140

Borders 141

Padding 142

Bounding Box Display Types 143

5.9 Images and Floating Elements 143

5.10 List Properties 146

5.11 Standard Property Units 147

Lengths 147

Colors 147

5.12 Layers 148

Specifying Layers with the LAYER and ILAYER Elements 149

Specifying Layers with Style Sheets 153

5.12 Summary 157

PART 2
Java Programming

CHAPTER 6
Getting Started with Java   160

6.1 Unique Features of Java 162

Java Is Web-Enabled and Network Savvy 162

Java Is Cross-Platform 166

Java Is Simple 168

Java Is Object Oriented 169

Java Is Rich with Powerful Standard Libraries 170

6.2 Myths About Java 171

Java Is Only for the Web 172

Java Is Cross-Platform 172

Java Is Simple 174

Java Is Object Oriented (the One True Way of Programming) 174

Java Is the Programming Language for All Software Development 175

6.3 Java Versions 175

Which Version Should You Use? 177

Whichever Version You Use 177

6.4 Getting Started: Nuts and Bolts 178

Install Java 178

Install a Java-Enabled Browser 179

Bookmark or Install the On-Line Java API 180

Optional: Get an Integrated Development Environment 180

Create and Run a Java Program 181

6.5 Some Simple Java Programs 182

The Basic Hello World Application 182

Command-Line Arguments 183

The Basic Hello World (Wide Web) Applet 183

Applet Customization Parameters 185

6.6 Summary 187

CHAPTER 7
Object-Oriented Programming in Java   190

7.1 Instance Variables 191

7.2 Methods 194

7.3 Constructors and the “this” Reference 196

Static Initialization Blocks 199

7.4 Destructors 199

7.5 Overloading 200

7.6 Public Version in Separate File 204

7.7 Javadoc 209

Javadoc Tags 211

Javadoc Command-Line Arguments 213

7.8 Inheritance 216

7.9 Interfaces and Abstract Classes 221

7.10 Packages, Classpath, and JAR Archives 230

The CLASSPATH 233

7.11 Modifiers in Declarations 236

Visibility Modifiers 236

Other Modifiers 238

7.12 Summary 239

CHAPTER 8
Basic Java Syntax   242

8.1 Rules of Syntax 243

8.2 Primitive Types 245

Primitive-Type Conversion 247

8.3 Operators, Conditionals, Iteration 248

Arithmetic Operators 248

Conditionals 249

Loops 255

8.4 The Math Class 259

Constants 259

General-Purpose Methods 259

Trigonometric Methods 261

BigInteger and BigDecimal 261

8.5 Input and Output 263

Printing to Standard Output 263

Printing to Standard Error 265

Reading from Standard Input 265

8.6 Execution of Non-Java Programs 266

8.7 Reference Types 273

Java Argument-Passing Conventions 275

The instanceof Operator 275

8.8 Strings 277

String Methods 278

Constructors 284

8.9 Arrays 284

Two-Step Array Allocation 285

One-Step Array Allocation 286

Multidimensional Arrays 287

8.10 Vectors 288

Constructors 289

Methods 289

8.11 Example: A Simple Binary Tree 291

8.12 Exceptions 296

Basic Form 296

Multiple Catch Clauses 299

The Finally Clause 300

Thrown Exceptions 300

Unchecked Exceptions 302

8.13 Exceptions 303

CHAPTER 9
Applets and Basic Graphics   304

9.1 What are Applets 305

9.2 Creating an Applet 306

Template for Applets 307

Template for HTML 307

9.3 An Applet Example 309

Redrawing Automatically 311

Reloading Applets During Development 311

9.4 The Applet Life Cycle 312

9.5 Other Applet Methods 314

9.6 The HTML APPLET Element 320

9.7 Reading Applet Parameters 322

Reading Applet Parameters: An Example 323

9.8 HTML OBJECT Element 326

9.9 The Java Plug-In 328

9.10 Graphical Applications 331

9.11 Graphical Operations 332

Drawing Operations 333

Colors and Fonts 336

Drawing Modes 336

Coordinates and Clipping Rectangles 337

9.12 Drawing Images 337

Loading Applet Images from Relative URLs 338

Loading Applet Images from Absolute URLs 340

Loading Images in Applications 342

9.13 Preloading Images 344

9.14 Controlling Image Loading: Waiting for Images and Checking Status 348

9.15 Summary 355

CHAPTER 10
Java 2D: Drawing in Java 2   358

10.1 Getting Started with Java 2D 360

Useful Graphics2D Methods 363

10.2 Drawing Shapes 366

Shape Classes 367

10.3 Paint Styles 371

Paint Classes 372

Tiled Images as Fill Patterns 375

10.4 Transparent Drawing 378

10.5 Using Local Fonts 381

10.6 Stroke Styles 383

Stroke Attributes 384

10.7 Coordinate Transformations 390

Shear Transformations 393

10.8 Other Capabilities of Java 2D 394

10.9 Summary 395

CHAPTER 11
Mouse and Keyboard Events   398

11.1 Handling Events with a Separate Listener 400

Drawing Circles 402

11.2 Handling Events by Implementing a Listener Interface 404

11.3 Handling Events with Named Inner Classes 406

11.4 Handling Events with Anonymous Inner Classes 407

11.5 The Standard Event Listeners 409

11.6 Behind the Scenes: Low-Level Event Processing 415

11.7 A Spelling-Correcting Textfield 418

11.8 A Whiteboard Class 421

A Better Whiteboard 423

11.9 Summary 423

CHAPTER 12
Layout Managers   426

12.1 The FlowLayout Manager 428

FlowLayout Constructor Options 429

Other FlowLayout Methods 429

12.2 The BorderLayout Manager 430

BorderLayout Constructor Options 432

Other BorderLayout Methods 432

12.3 The GridLayout Manger 433

GridLayout Constructor Options 434

Other GridLayout Methods 435

12.4 The CardLayout Manager 436

CardLayout Constructor Options 440

Other CardLayout Methods 440

12.5 The GridBagLayout Manager 441

The GridBagConstraints Object 442

Example 444

GridBagLayout Constructor Options 448

Other GridBagLayout Methods 448

12.6 The BoxLayout Manager 449

BoxLayout Constructor Options 452

Other BoxLayout Methods 453

12.7 Turning Off the Layout Manager 454

12.8 Effective Use of Layout Managers 455

Use Nested Containers 456

Turn Off the Layout Manager for Some Containers 459

Adjust the Empty Space Around Components 461

12.9 Summary 464

CHAPTER 13
AWT Components   466

13.1 The Canvas Class 468

Creating and Using a Canvas 469

Example: A Circle Component 469

13.2 The Component Class 472

13.3 Lightweight Components in Java 1.1 479

13.4 The Panel Class 482

Default LayoutManager: FlowLayout 482

Creating and Using a Panel 483

Example: Using a Panel for Grouping 483

13.5 The Container Class 485

13.6 The Applet Class 487

13.7 The ScrollPane Class 487

Creating and Using a ScrollPane 487

Example: ScrollPane with 100-Button Panel 488

13.8 The Frame Class 489

Default LayoutManager: BorderLayout 489

Creating and Using a Frame 490

Frame Examples 491

A Closeable Frame 492

Menus 493

Other Useful Frame Methods 495

13.9 Serializing Windows 497

Writing a Window to Disk 497

Reading a Window from Disk 497

Example: A Saveable Frame 498

13.10 The Dialog Class

Creating and Using a Dialog 501

Example: A Quit Confirmation Dialog 502

13.11 The FileDialog Class 504

Example: Displaying Files in a TextArea 504

13.12 The Window Class 507

Default LayoutManager: BorderLayout 507

Creating and Using a Window 507

13.13 Handling Events in GUI Controlsr 508

Decentralized Event Processing 509

Centralized Event Processing 511

13.14 The Button Class 512

Constructors 513

Example: Applet with Three Buttons 513

Other Button Methods 514

Handling Button Events 515

13.15 The Checkbox Class 518

Constructors 519

Example: Checked Checkboxes 519

Other Checkbox Methods 520

Handling Checkbox Events 521

13.16 Check Box Groups (Radio Buttons) 521

Check Box Groups (Radio Buttons) 521

Constructors 522

Example: Check Boxes vs. Radio Buttons 522

Other CheckboxGroup and Checkbox Methods 523

Handling CheckboxGroup Events 524

13.17 Choice Menus 524

Constructor 525

Example: Simple Choices 525

Other Choice Methods 526

Handling Choice Events 527

13.18 List Boxes 529

Constructors 529

Example: Single and Multiple List Selections 529

Other List Methods 531

Handling List Events 533

13.19 The TextField Class 538

Constructors 538

Example: Creating TextFields 539

Other TextField Methods 539

Handling TextField Events 542

13.20 The TextArea Class 543

Constructors 543

Example: Empty and Filled Text Areas 544

Other TextArea Methods 544

Handling TextArea Events 545

13.21 The Label Class 545

Constructors 546

Example: Four Different Labels 546

Other Label Methods 547

Handling Label Events 548

13.22 Scrollbars and Sliders 550

Constructors 550

Example: Variety of Sliders 551

Other Scrollbar Methods 552

Handling Scrollbar Events 554

13.23 Pop-up Menus 556

Constructors 556

Example: Applet Pop-up Menu 556

Other PopupMenu Methods 558

Handling PopupMenu Events 559

13.24 Summary 560

CHAPTER 14
Basic Swing   562

14.1 Getting Started with Swing 564

Differences Between Swing and the AWT 564

14.2 The JApplet Component 572

14.3 The JFrame Component 574

14.4 The JLabel Component 576

New Features: Images, Borders, and HTML Content 576

JLabel Constructors 577

Useful JLabel Methods

14.5 The JButton Component 581

New Features: Icons, Alignment, and Mnemonics 581

HTML in Button Labels 582

JButton Constructors 582

Useful JButton (AbstractButton) Methods 582

14.6 The JPanel Component 585

Panel Constructors 585

New Feature: Borders 585

Useful BorderFactory Methods 586

14.7 The JSlider Component 590

New Features: Tick Marks and Labels 590

JSlider Constructors 590

Useful JSlider Methods 591

14.8 The JColorChooser Component 594

Constructors 595

Useful JColorChooser Methods 595

14.9 Internal Frames 598

JInternalFrame Constructors 598

Useful JInternalFrame Methods 598

14.10 The JOptionPane Component 602

Useful JOptionPane Methods 602

14.11 The JToolBar Component 607

JToolBar Constructors 609

Useful JToolBar Methods 609

14.12 The JEditorPane Component 614

Following Hypertext Links 615

JEditorPane Constructors 616

Useful JEditorPane Methods 616

Implementing a Simple Web Browser 618

HTML Support and JavaHelp 621

14.13 Other Simple Swing Components 622

The JCheckBox Component 622

The JRadioButton Component 623

The JTextField Component 625

The JTextArea Component 625

The JFileChooser Component 625

14.14 Summary 626

Chapter 15
Advanced Swing   628

15.1 Using Custom Data Models and Renderers 630

15.2 JList 631

JList with a Fixed Set of Choices 631

JLists with Changeable Choices 636

JList with Custom Data Model 639

JList with Custom Renderer 646

15.3 JTree 650

Simple JTree 650

JTree Event Handling 654

15.4 JTable 664

Simple JTable 664

Table Data Models 669

Table Cell Renderers 674

Table Event Handling 676

15.5 Swing Component Printing 680

Printing Basics 681

The Role of Double Buffering 683

A General-Purpose Component-Printing Routine 684

Printing in JDK 1.3 689

15.6 Swing Threads 691

SwingUtilities Methods 693

15.7 Summary 696

CHAPTER 16
Concurrent Programming with Java Threads   698

16.1 Starting Threads 700

Mechanism 1: Put Behavior in a Separate Thread Object 700

Mechanism 2: Put Behavior in the Driver Class, Which Must Implement Runnable 703

16.2 Race Conditions 706

16.3 Synchronization 709

Synchronizing a Section of Code 709

Synchronizing an Entire Method 710

Common Synchronization Bug 710

16.4 Creating a Multithreaded Method 712

16.5 Thread Methods 717

Constructors 718

Constants 719

Methods 719

Stopping a Thread 725

16.6 Thread Groups 727

Constructors 727

Methods 727

16.7 Multithreaded Graphics and Double Buffering 729

Redraw Everything in paint 730

Implement the Dynamic Part as a Separate Component 734

Have Routines Other Than paint Draw Directly 735

Override update and Have paint Do Incremental Updating 737

Use Double Buffering 743

16.8 Animating Images 748

16.9 Timers 753

Constructor 757

Other Timer Methods 757

16.10 Summary 759

CHAPTER 17
Network Programming   760

17.1 Implementing a Client 762

Example: A Generic Network Client 765

17.2 Parsing Strings by Using StringTokenizer 768

The StringTokenizer Class 768

Constructors 769

Methods 769

Example: Interactive Tokenizer 770

17.3 Example: A Client to Verify E-Mail Addresses 771

17.4 Example: A Network Client that Retrieves URLs 774

A Class to Retrieve a Given URI from a Given Host 775

A Class to Retrieve a Given URL 777

UrlRetriever Output 778

17.5 The URL Class 779

Reading from a URL 779

Other Useful Methods of the URL Class 781

17.6 WebClient: Talking to Web Servers Interactively 783

17.7 Implementing a Server 791

Example: A Generic Network Server 793

Connecting NetworkClient and NetworkServer 797

17.8 Example: A Simple HTTP Server 797

ThreadedEchoServer: Adding Multithreading 802

17.9 RMI: Remote Method Invocation 804

Steps to Build an RMI Application 805

A Simple Example 806

A Realistic Example: A Server for Numeric Integration 811

A Realistic Example of the Four Required Classes 813

Compiling and Running the System for the Realistic Example 817

Enterprise RMI Configuration 819

Compiling and Running the System for an Enterprise RMI Configuration 822

RMI Applet Example 825

17.10 Summary 828

PART 3
Server-Side Programming   830

CHAPTER 18
HTML FORMS   832

18.1 How HTML Forms Transmit Data 833

18.2 The FORM Element 838

18.3 Text Controls 843

Textfields 843

Password Fields 845

Text Areas 846

18.4 Push Buttons 848

Submit Buttons 849

Reset Buttons 852

JavaScript Buttons 853

18.5 Check Boxes and Radio Buttons 854

Check Boxes 854

Radio Buttons 855

18.6 Combo Boxes and List Boxes 857

18.7 File Upload Controls 860

18.8 Server-Side Image Maps 862

IMAGE—Standard Server-Side Image Maps 863

ISMAP—Alternative Server-Side Image Maps 865

18.9 Hidden Fields 867

18.10 Grouping Controls 868

18.11 Controlling Tab Order 870

18.12 Summary 871

CHAPTER 19
Java Servlets   872

19.1 The Advantages of Servlets Over “Traditional” CGI 874

Efficient 874

Convenient 875

Powerful 875

Portable 875

Secure 876

Inexpensive 876

19.2 Server Installation and Setup 876

Obtain Servlet and JSP Software 877

Bookmark or Install the Servlet and JSP API Documentation 878

Identify the Classes to the Java Compiler 878

Package Your Classes 879 Configure the Server 879

Compile and Install Your Servlets 879

Invoke Your Servlets 880

19.3 Basic Servlet Structure 880

A Servlet That Generates Plain Text 882

A Servlet That Generates HTML 883

Simple HTML-Building Utilities 885

19.4 The Servlet Life Cycle 887

The init Method 887

The service Method 888

The doGet, doPost, and doXxx Methods 889

The SingleThreadModel Interface 889

The destroy Method 890

19.5 An Example Using Initialization Parameter 890

19.6 The Client Request: Form Data 893

Reading Form Data from CGI Programs 893

Reading Form Data from Servlets 894

Example: Reading Three Explicit Parameters 894

Filtering Query Data 897

19.7 The Client Request: HTTP Request Headers 898

Reading Request Headers from Servlets 899

Example: Making a Table of All Request Headers 900

HTTP 1.1 Request Headers 903

Sending Compressed Web Pages 906

19.8 The Servlet Equivalent of the Standard CGI Variables 908

19.9 The Server Response: HTTP Status Codes 911

Specifying Status Codes 912

HTTP 1.1 Status Codes 913

A Front End to Various Search Engines 919

19.10 The Server Response: HTTP Response Headers 924

Setting Response Headers from Servlets 924

HTTP 1.1 Response Headers 926

Persistent Servlet State and Auto-Reloading Pages 932

19.11 Cookies 941

Benefits of Cookies 942

Some Problems with Cookies 943

The Servlet Cookie API 944

Examples of Setting and Reading Cookies 947

Basic Cookie Utilities 951

Finding Cookies with Specified Names 951

Creating Long-Lived Cookies 953

19.12 Session Tracking 953

The Need for Session Tracking 953

The Session Tracking API 955

Terminating Sessions 959

A Servlet Showing Per-Client Access Counts 960

19.13 Summary 962

CHAPTER 20
JavaServer Pages   964

20.1 JSP Overview 965

20.2 Advantages of JSP 967

Versus Active Server Pages (ASP) or ColdFusion 967

Versus PHP 967

Versus Pure Servlets 967

Versus Server-Side Includes (SSI) 968

Versus JavaScript 968

20.3 JSP Scripting Elements 968

Expressions 969

Scriptlets 972

Declarations 975

Predefined Variables 977

20.4 The JSP page Directive 979

The import Attribute 979

The contentType Attribute 982

The isThreadSafe Attribute 983

The session Attribute 984

The buffer Attribute 984

The autoflush Attribute 984

The extends Attribute 985

The info Attribute 985

The errorPage Attribute 985

The isErrorPage Attribute 985

The language Attribute 985

XML Syntax for Directives 986

20.5 Including Files and Applets in JSP Documents 986

The include Directive: Including Files at Page Translation Time 987

Including Files at Request Time 989

Including Applets for the Java Plug-In 992

The jsp:fallback Element 995

20.6 Using JavaBeans with JSP 999

Basic Bean Use 1001

Example: StringBean 1003

Setting Bean Properties 1005

Sharing Beans 1011

20.7 Defining Custom JSP Tags 1015

The Components That Make Up a Tag Library 1015

Defining a Basic Tag 1019

Assigning Attributes to Tags 1022

Including the Tag Body 1026

Optionally Including the Tag Body 1031

Manipulating the Tag Body 1034

Including or Manipulating the Tag Body Multiple Times 1038

Using Nested Tags 1042

20.8 Integrating Servlets and JSP 1049

Forwarding Requests 1049

Example: An On-Line Travel Agent 1053

Forwarding Requests From JSP Pages 1062

20.9 Summary 1062

CHAPTER 21
Using Applets As Front Ends To Server-Side Programs   1064

21.1 Sending Data with GET and Displaying the Resultant Page 1066

21.2 A Multisystem Search Engine Front End 1067

21.3 Sending Data with GET and Processing the Results Directly (HTTP Tunneling) 1071

Reading Binary or ASCII Data 1072

Reading Serialized Data Structures 1073

21.4 A Query Viewer That Uses Object Serialization and HTTP Tunneling 1075

21.5 Using POST and Processing the Results Directly (HTTP Tunneling) 1083

21.6 An Applet That Sends POST Data 1086

21.7 Bypassing the HTTP Server 1091

21.8 Summary 1091

CHAPTER 22
JDBC   1092

Basic Steps in Using JDBC 1094

Load the Driver 1094

Define the Connection URL 1095

Establish the Connection 1096

Create a Statement 1096

Execute a Query 1097

Process the Results 1097

Close the Connection 1098

22.2 Basic JDBC Example 1098

22.3 Some JDBC Utilities 1105

22.4 Applying the Database Utilities 1114

22.5 An Interactive Query Viewer 1120

Query Viewer Code 1122

Prepared Statements (Precompiled Queries) 1127

Summary 1131

CHAPTER 23
XML Processing with Java   1132